Title : Correlation between food insecurity and diabetes in the commune of Les Cayes (2021-2024)
Abstract:
Background: Diabetes, particularly type 2 diabetes, represents a major public health threat in developing countries. In the commune of Les Cayes, a significant increase in diabetes cases has been observed between 2021 and 2024, highlighting the need to better understand the prevalence and associated factors of this disease. This study aims to assess the prevalence of diabetes and identify the socio-demographic, environmental, and behavioral factors associated with this condition.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between January 2021 and December 2024. A total of 350 participants, aged 30 to 70 years, were recruited from various neighborhoods in the commune. Detailed questionnaires were used to collect information on dietary habits, physical activity, socioeconomic status, and medical history. A blood glucose test was performed on all participants to diagnose diabetes. Data were analyzed using logistic regression models to identify factors associated with diabetes prevalence.
Results: The prevalence of diabetes in the commune of Les Cayes was estimated at 18.7%, with a higher prevalence among women (22.4%) and individuals over 50 years old (26.3%). The main factors associated with an increased likelihood of developing diabetes included obesity (OR = 2.3), physical inactivity (OR = 1.8), and a low level of education (OR = 1.5). Approximately 30% of cases were undiagnosed at the time of the study.
Conclusion: Diabetes is an expanding public health issue in the commune of Les Cayes. The findings suggest that prevention strategies targeting obesity, physical inactivity, and improved health education could significantly reduce the prevalence of the disease. Continuous monitoring and increased awareness are essential to combat this growing epidemic.
Keywords : Diabetes, Food insecurity, Risk factors, Prevalence, Prevention
