Title : Diabetes and migration: Impact of internal displacement on the prevalence and management of diabetes in Les Cayes, South Haiti (2022-2024)
Abstract:
Background: Internal displacement in Haiti, caused by natural disasters, insecurity and socio-economic crises, significantly affects the health of vulnerable populations, particularly individuals with chronic diseases such as diabetes. This study aims to analyze the impact of forced migration on the prevalence and management of diabetes in the commune of Les Cayes between 2022 and 2024, highlighting barriers to healthcare access and the consequences on glycemic control among displaced patients.
Methods: A retrospective descriptive study was conducted using medical records from hospitals and healthcare centers serving displaced populations in Les Cayes. A sample of 500 diabetic patients was analyzed. Data were processed using Excel 2016 and Epi Info 7, employing descriptive statistics and correlation analyses to assess the impact of internal displacement on glycemic control, healthcare access, and associated complications.
Results: The study revealed a 32% increase in diabetes prevalence among displaced individuals compared to non-migrants. The predominant age group was 45-65 years (57% of cases), with an average age of 52 years. Women represented 62% of cases. Approximately 58% of displaced patients exhibited poor glycemic control, attributed to disrupted care and limited access to medication. Additionally, 40% of patients suffered from complications such as neuropathies and infections.
Conclusion: Internal displacement in Les Cayes exacerbates the challenges of diabetes management, particularly among women and middle-aged adults. Targeted strategies, such as mobile medical follow-ups and improved access to medication, are necessary to reduce complications and enhance glycemic control in this vulnerable population.
Keywords: Diabetes; Internal migration; Healthcare access; Glycemic control; Diabetic complications; Les Cayes.
