A growing arsenal of non-insulin diabetes medications is expanding therapeutic options beyond traditional insulin therapy. GLP-1 receptor agonists and SGLT2 inhibitors have demonstrated significant benefits in glycemic control while reducing cardiovascular risks. DPP-4 inhibitors offer a convenient oral alternative, particularly for patients seeking weight-neutral treatments. Recent advancements include combination therapies that target multiple metabolic pathways simultaneously, enhancing efficacy while minimizing side effects. Additionally, bile acid sequestrants, dopamine agonists, and amylin analogs provide novel mechanisms for improving insulin sensitivity. With continued research into incretin-based therapies and dual-agonist formulations, non-insulin medications are playing a crucial role in personalized diabetes management.
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