Growing evidence emphasizes the bidirectional relationship between diabetes and mental health, with psychological distress impacting metabolic control and vice versa. Depression and anxiety are significantly more prevalent in individuals with diabetes, contributing to poor adherence to treatment regimens and suboptimal glycemic outcomes. Chronic stress elevates cortisol levels, exacerbating insulin resistance and increasing the risk of diabetes-related complications. Cognitive impairments, including reduced attention and memory deficits, have also been linked to prolonged hyperglycemia. Integrated care models combining psychological counseling, pharmacological management, and lifestyle modifications improve overall well-being. Addressing mental health concerns in diabetes care enhances treatment adherence, quality of life, and long-term health outcomes.
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