Nanotechnology has aided the development of innovative glucose testing and insulin administration mechanisms in diabetes research, which have the potential to significantly improve diabetics' quality of life. Nanomaterials, nanostructures, nanoparticle design, and their uses in humans are all part of this topic. It also provides more precise information for diabetes mellitus diagnosis. Nanoparticles are being developed as contrast agents to aid in the early detection of type 1 diabetes, and numerous formulations have been evaluated in human clinical trials. In the hopes of developing a cure for type 1 diabetes, nanotechnology is being employed to assist engineers create more effective vaccines.