Dysregulation of Gluconeogenesis in Diabetes

In diabetes, the process of gluconeogenesis, the production of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources, often becomes dysregulated. This is particularly evident in type 2 diabetes, where insulin resistance and impaired insulin secretion lead to excessive hepatic glucose output. Elevated gluconeogenesis can contribute to hyperglycemia, complicating diabetes management. Factors such as stress hormones, particularly cortisol and glucagon, further stimulate gluconeogenesis, exacerbating blood sugar levels. Targeting this dysregulation through insulin therapy and medications that improve insulin sensitivity can help restore normal glucose homeostasis and improve overall glycemic control.