Neovascularization in Diabetic Retinopathy

Neovascularization is the abnormal growth of new blood vessels and is a hallmark of advanced diabetic retinopathy, a serious complication of diabetes that affects the eyes. High blood sugar levels in diabetes damage the retinal blood vessels, leading to ischemia and the release of angiogenic factors like vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). This stimulates the growth of fragile new blood vessels, which can leak or hemorrhage, causing vision loss or blindness. Anti-VEGF therapies have been developed to inhibit this pathological neovascularization, offering an effective treatment for managing diabetic retinopathy and preventing its progression. Early detection and treatment of neovascularization are critical for preserving vision in individuals with diabetes.